See mựa on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "sit-pro",
"3": "*ma"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ma",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "my",
"2": "မ"
},
"expansion": "Burmese မ (ma.)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lis",
"2": "ꓟꓽ"
},
"expansion": "Lisu ꓟꓽ (mɑ̀)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "och",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Chinese",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*mo"
},
"expansion": "*mo",
"name": "IPAfont"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "毋",
"tr": "*mo"
},
"expansion": "毋 (OC *mo)",
"name": "och-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "無"
},
"expansion": "無 (OC *ma)",
"name": "och-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "毋"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "zh",
"3": "毋//",
"pos": "SV: <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"vi\">vô, mưu</i>",
"t": "injunctive and imperative negative; do not, should not, must not",
"tr": "-"
},
"expansion": "Chinese 毋 (“injunctive and imperative negative; do not, should not, must not”, SV: vô, mưu)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "毋",
"2": "injunctive and imperative negative; do not, should not, must not",
"3": "vô, mưu",
"hv": "n",
"nocap": "y"
},
"expansion": "non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 毋 (“injunctive and imperative negative; do not, should not, must not”, SV: vô, mưu)",
"name": "vi-etym-sino"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Likely from ultimately Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ma. Compare Burmese မ (ma.), Lisu ꓟꓽ (mɑ̀), Old Chinese 毋 (OC *mo) (phonetically confused with and read like 無 (OC *ma) even in Zhou time), etc.\nIf this were non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 毋 (“injunctive and imperative negative; do not, should not, must not”, SV: vô, mưu), then its nặng-tone (instead of expected **huyền) has resulted from either borrowing from a regional Chinese dialect (see tạnh), or indirect borrowing (see tiếng), or an irregular pre-Middle Chinese sound change (see vẹn and nhặng).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "馬",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
},
{
"form": "駡",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "adverb",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"head": "",
"tr": "馬, 駡"
},
"expansion": "mựa • (馬, 駡)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "馬, 駡"
},
"expansion": "mựa • (馬, 駡)",
"name": "vi-adv"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
40,
46
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
26,
32
]
],
"english": "Probity, humaneness, propriety, wisdom; do not let them dwindle!",
"ref": "15th century, Nguyễn Trãi, “謾述 Mạn thuật 3”, in Quốc âm thi tập (國音詩集):",
"text": "義(Nghĩa)仁(nhân)礼(lễ)智(trí)馬(mựa)朱(cho)亐(khuây)",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"don't"
],
"id": "en-mựa-vi-adv-33aCCZyW",
"links": [
[
"don't",
"don't"
]
],
"qualifier": "prohibitive marker",
"raw_glosses": [
"(prohibitive marker, obsolete) don't"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "đừng"
}
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Zhou dynasty"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[mɨə˧˨ʔ]",
"tags": [
"Hà-Nội"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[mɨə˨˩ʔ]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[mɨə˨˩˨]",
"note": "Saigon"
}
],
"word": "mựa"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "sit-pro",
"3": "*ma"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ma",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "my",
"2": "မ"
},
"expansion": "Burmese မ (ma.)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lis",
"2": "ꓟꓽ"
},
"expansion": "Lisu ꓟꓽ (mɑ̀)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "och",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Chinese",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*mo"
},
"expansion": "*mo",
"name": "IPAfont"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "毋",
"tr": "*mo"
},
"expansion": "毋 (OC *mo)",
"name": "och-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "無"
},
"expansion": "無 (OC *ma)",
"name": "och-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "毋"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "zh",
"3": "毋//",
"pos": "SV: <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"vi\">vô, mưu</i>",
"t": "injunctive and imperative negative; do not, should not, must not",
"tr": "-"
},
"expansion": "Chinese 毋 (“injunctive and imperative negative; do not, should not, must not”, SV: vô, mưu)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "毋",
"2": "injunctive and imperative negative; do not, should not, must not",
"3": "vô, mưu",
"hv": "n",
"nocap": "y"
},
"expansion": "non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 毋 (“injunctive and imperative negative; do not, should not, must not”, SV: vô, mưu)",
"name": "vi-etym-sino"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Likely from ultimately Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ma. Compare Burmese မ (ma.), Lisu ꓟꓽ (mɑ̀), Old Chinese 毋 (OC *mo) (phonetically confused with and read like 無 (OC *ma) even in Zhou time), etc.\nIf this were non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 毋 (“injunctive and imperative negative; do not, should not, must not”, SV: vô, mưu), then its nặng-tone (instead of expected **huyền) has resulted from either borrowing from a regional Chinese dialect (see tạnh), or indirect borrowing (see tiếng), or an irregular pre-Middle Chinese sound change (see vẹn and nhặng).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "馬",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
},
{
"form": "駡",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "adverb",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"head": "",
"tr": "馬, 駡"
},
"expansion": "mựa • (馬, 駡)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "馬, 駡"
},
"expansion": "mựa • (馬, 駡)",
"name": "vi-adv"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English links with redundant alt parameters",
"English links with redundant wikilinks",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Vietnamese adverbs",
"Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"Vietnamese lemmas",
"Vietnamese terms derived from Chinese",
"Vietnamese terms derived from Proto-Sino-Tibetan",
"Vietnamese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Vietnamese terms with obsolete senses",
"Vietnamese terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
40,
46
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
26,
32
]
],
"english": "Probity, humaneness, propriety, wisdom; do not let them dwindle!",
"ref": "15th century, Nguyễn Trãi, “謾述 Mạn thuật 3”, in Quốc âm thi tập (國音詩集):",
"text": "義(Nghĩa)仁(nhân)礼(lễ)智(trí)馬(mựa)朱(cho)亐(khuây)",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"don't"
],
"links": [
[
"don't",
"don't"
]
],
"qualifier": "prohibitive marker",
"raw_glosses": [
"(prohibitive marker, obsolete) don't"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "đừng"
}
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Zhou dynasty"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[mɨə˧˨ʔ]",
"tags": [
"Hà-Nội"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[mɨə˨˩ʔ]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[mɨə˨˩˨]",
"note": "Saigon"
}
],
"word": "mựa"
}
Download raw JSONL data for mựa meaning in All languages combined (3.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-24 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-20 using wiktextract (074e7de and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.